Обработка логов syslog + Docker

[SERVICE]
    flush                     1
    log_level                 info
    daemon                    off
    storage.path              /var/log/flb-storage/
    storage.sync              normal
    storage.checksum          off
    storage.max_chunks_up     128
    storage.backlog.mem_limit 10M
    parsers_file              parsers.conf
    http_server               on
    http_listen               0.0.0.0
    http_port                 2020
    coro_stack_size           24576
    plugins_path              /fluent-bit/bin/
 
# ==================== ASUS ROUTER SYSLOG INPUT ====================
[INPUT]
    Name              syslog
    Listen            0.0.0.0
    Port              5140
    Parser            syslog-rfc5424
    Tag               router.syslog
    Buffer_Chunk_Size 4MB
    Buffer_Max_Size   16MB
    Mode              tcp
 
# ==================== DOCKER LOGS INPUT ====================
[INPUT]
    Name              tail
    Path              /var/lib/docker/containers/*/*.log
    Parser            docker
    Refresh_Interval  10
    Ignore_Older      1h
    Docker_Mode       On
    Tag               docker.<file_name>
    Tag_Regex         (?<file_name>[a-f0-9]*)-json.log
    Mem_Buf_Limit     50MB
    Skip_Long_Lines   On
    DB                /var/log/flb-storage/flb_db.db
    DB.sync           normal
    Storage.Type      filesystem
    Read_from_Head    false
 
# Только для отладки
# [INPUT]
#     Name              tail
#     Path              /var/lib/docker/containers/*/*.log
#     Parser            docker
#     Refresh_Interval  10
#     Docker_Mode       On
#     Tag               docker.<file_name>
#     Tag_Regex         (?<file_name>[a-f0-9]*)-json.log
#     Mem_Buf_Limit     50MB
#     Skip_Long_Lines   On
#     DB                /var/log/flb-storage/flb_db.db
#     DB.sync           normal
#     Storage.Type      filesystem
#     Read_from_Head    true
 
# ==================== DOCKER FILTERS ====================
 
# Фильтруем пустые логи
[FILTER]
    name                grep
    match               docker.*
    Exclude             log ^$
    Exclude             log ^\s*$
    Exclude             log ^==>.+<==$
 
# Извлекаем сырой лог
[FILTER]
    name                modify
    match               docker.*
    copy                log raw_log
    copy                exception.backtrace exception_backtrace
    copy                exception.class exception_class
    copy                exception.message exception_message
 
# Очищаем docker.* - оставляем ТОЛЬКО нужные поля
[FILTER]
    name                record_modifier
    match               docker.*
 
    whitelist_key       date
    whitelist_key       log
    whitelist_key       raw_log
    whitelist_key       exception_backtrace
    whitelist_key       exception_class
    whitelist_key       exception_message
 
    whitelist_key       method
    whitelist_key       path
    whitelist_key       action
    whitelist_key       status
    whitelist_key       remote_ip
    whitelist_key       controller
    whitelist_key       line_id
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              nginx_access
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              gitlab_json
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              gitlab_registry
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              sidekiq_json
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              mysql_error
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              mysql_slow
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              postgresql
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              postgresql_detailed
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              nextcloud_access
    reserve_data        true
    Preserve_Key        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              apache_access
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              php_fpm
    reserve_data        true
 
[FILTER]
    name                parser
    match               docker.*
    key_name            raw_log
    parser              grafana_regex
    reserve_data        true
 
# Структуризация распарсенных полей В raw_log
[FILTER]
    name                nest
    match               docker.*
    operation           nest
    wildcard            remote_*
    wildcard            method
    wildcard            path
    wildcard            status
    wildcard            body_bytes
    wildcard            user_agent
    wildcard            referrer
    wildcard            logger
    wildcard            endpoint
    wildcard            pluginId
    wildcard            dsName
    wildcard            dsUID
    wildcard            uname
    wildcard            level
    wildcard            msg
    wildcard            statusCode
    wildcard            resourcePath
    wildcard            exception
    nest_under          parsed_data
 
 
 
# Метаданные Docker
[FILTER]
    name                lua
    match               docker.*
    script              /fluent-bit/bin/docker-metadata.lua
    call                enrich_with_docker_metadata
 
# Копируем метаданные
[FILTER]
    name                modify
    match               docker.*
    copy                docker.hostname hostname
    copy                docker.container_started started
    copy                docker.container_name container_name
    copy                docker.container_name service_name
    copy                docker.container_id container_id
    copy                docker.state state
    copy                docker.stream stream
    copy                docker.line_id line_id
 
    copy                log _raw
    copy                parsed_data _parsed
    # copy                exception_class _class
    # copy                exception_message _message
    # copy                exception_backtrace _backtrace
 
    copy                docker.label_project project
    copy                docker.label_service service
    copy                docker.label_logging logging
    copy                docker.label_logging_jobname logging_jobname
 
# Структурируем через nest
[FILTER]
    name                nest
    match               docker.*
    operation           nest
    wildcard            _*
    nest_under          log
    remove_prefix       _
 
# Добавляем host metadata
[FILTER]
    name                modify
    match               docker.*
    set                 node_id ${NODE_ID}
    set                 node_name ${NODE_NAME}
    set                 host_name ${NODE_NAME}
 
# Перетагиваем только логи с enabled logging
[FILTER]
    name                rewrite_tag
    match               docker.*
    rule                $logging ^enabled$ data.$container_id true
 
# ==================== ROUTER FILTERS ====================
 
[FILTER]
    Name                parser
    Match               router.*
    Key_Name            message
    Parser              router_logs
    Reserve_Data        true
 
[FILTER]
    Name                record_modifier
    Match               router.*
    Record              hostname ${HOSTNAME}
    Record              device_type router
    Record              source asus_merlin
    Record              cluster docker_swarm
 
[FILTER]
    Name                modify
    Match               router.*
    Rename              host source_host
    Rename              ident facility
    Set                 log_type syslog
    Set                 environment production
 
# Отфильтровываем служебные контейнеры
[FILTER]
    Name                grep
    Match               docker.*
    Exclude             container_name ^/loki.*
    Exclude             container_name ^/fluent-bit.*
    Exclude             container_name ^/grafana.*
    Exclude             container_name ^/traefik.*
 
[FILTER]
    name                record_modifier
    match               data.*
 
    whitelist_key       date
    whitelist_key       log
    whitelist_key       exception_class
    whitelist_key       exception_message
    whitelist_key       exception_backtrace
 
    whitelist_key       method
    whitelist_key       path
    whitelist_key       action
    whitelist_key       status
    whitelist_key       remote_ip
    whitelist_key       controller
    whitelist_key       line_id
 
    whitelist_key       node_id
    whitelist_key       node_name
    whitelist_key       host_name
    whitelist_key       hostname
    whitelist_key       started
    whitelist_key       container_name
    whitelist_key       service_name
    whitelist_key       container_id
    whitelist_key       stream
    whitelist_key       project
    whitelist_key       service
    whitelist_key       logging_jobname
 
# Логи docker в Loki
[OUTPUT]
    name                loki
    match               data.*
    host                loki
    port                3100
    labels              job=$logging_jobname, node_name=$node_name, container_id=$container_id, container_name=$container_name, service_name=$service_name, project=$project, service=$service, level=$stream
    label_keys          $node_name,$container_id,$container_name,$service_name,$project,$service
    line_format         json
    auto_kubernetes_labels off
 
# Логи роутера в Loki
[OUTPUT]
    Name                loki
    Match               router.*
    Host                loki
    Port                3100
    Labels              job=asus_router, device_type=router, source=syslog, cluster=docker_swarm
    Label_Keys          source_host,facility,severity
    Line_Format         key_value
    Auto_Kubernetes_Labels off
    Drop_Single_Key     true
    Tenant_ID           router
 
# Только для отладки
# [OUTPUT]
#     name                stdout
#     match               data.*
#     format              json

auth_enabled: false

server:
  http_listen_port: 3100

common:
  instance_addr: 127.0.0.1
  path_prefix: /loki
  storage:
    filesystem:
      chunks_directory: /loki/chunks
      rules_directory: /loki/rules
  replication_factor: 1
  ring:
    kvstore:
      store: inmemory

schema_config:
  configs:
    - from: 2020-10-24
      store: tsdb
      object_store: filesystem
      schema: v13
      index:
        prefix: index_
        period: 24h

ruler:
  alertmanager_url: http://localhost:9093

limits_config:
  retention_period: 720h
  reject_old_samples: true
  reject_old_samples_max_age: 720h
  allow_structured_metadata: true
  max_query_length: 721h
  
ingester:
  lifecycler:
    ring:
      kvstore:
        store: inmemory
      replication_factor: 1
    final_sleep: 0s
  chunk_idle_period: 1h
  max_chunk_age: 1h
  chunk_target_size: 1048576
  chunk_retain_period: 30s

table_manager:
  retention_deletes_enabled: true
  retention_period: 720h

version: "3.8"
 
x-logging: &default-logging
  driver: "json-file"
  options:
    max-size: "10m"
    max-file: "3"
    tag: "{{.Name}}/{{.ImageName}}"
 
x-labels: &default-labels
  logging: "enabled"
  logging_jobname: "docker_swarm"
  monitoring: "true"
 
services:
  loki:
    image: grafana/loki:3.5.8
    ports:
      - "3100:3100"
    configs:
      - source: loki_config
        target: /etc/loki/local-config.yaml
    volumes:
      - loki_data:/loki
    command: -config.file=/etc/loki/local-config.yaml
    networks:
      - monitoring
    deploy:
      placement:
        constraints:
          - node.role == manager
    logging: *default-logging
    labels:
      <<: *default-labels
      service: "loki"
      component: "logging"
 
  fluent-bit:
    image: fluent/fluent-bit:4.2.0
    configs:
      - source: fluent_bit_config
        target: /fluent-bit/etc/fluent-bit.conf
      - source: fluent_bit_parser
        target: /fluent-bit/etc/parsers.conf
      - source: docker_metadata
        target: /fluent-bit/bin/docker-metadata.lua
    environment:
      - NODE_ID={{.Node.ID}}
      - NODE_NAME={{.Node.Hostname}}
    ports:
      - "5140:5140/tcp"  # Для приема syslog от роутера
      - "2020:2020"      # HTTP мониторинг Fluent Bit
    networks:
      - monitoring
    volumes:
      - flb_storage:/var/log/flb-storage/
      - /var/lib/docker/containers:/var/lib/docker/containers:ro
    deploy:
      mode: global
 
 
  grafana:
    image: grafana/grafana:12.1.4
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    environment:
      - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin
      - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_USER=admin
    volumes:
      - grafana_data:/var/lib/grafana
    networks:
      - monitoring
    deploy:
      placement:
        constraints:
          - node.role == manager
    logging: *default-logging
    labels:
      <<: *default-labels
      service: "grafana"
      component: "monitoring"
 
configs:
  loki_config:
    external: true
  fluent_bit_config:
    external: true
  fluent_bit_parser:
    external: true
  docker_metadata:
    external: true
 
networks:
  monitoring:
    driver: overlay
 
volumes:
  flb_storage:
    driver: local
  loki_data:
    driver: local
  grafana_data:
    driver: local

# Проверяем конфигурацию
$ docker exec -it <fluentbit_container> /fluent-bit/bin/fluent-bit -c /fluent-bit/etc/fluent-bit.conf --dry-run
 
# Смотрим логи
$ docker service logs logging_fluent-bit
 
# Проверяем метрики
$ curl http://localhost:2020/api/v1/metrics | jq
 
# Тестируем парсеры
$ echo '2025-11-21T02:13:34.366Z {"method":"PUT","path":"/projects","status":500}' | \
$ docker exec -i <fluentbit_container> /fluent-bit/bin/fluent-bit -c /fluent-bit/etc/fluent-bit.conf -i stdin -o stdout

{job="fluent-bit"} |= "gitlab"
 
{container_name="gitlab"} 
 
{job="fluent-bit"} |~ "(?i)error|exception|fail"
 
{node_name="node-1"}
 
# Все логи GitLab
{container_name=~".*gitlab.*"} 
 
# Логи по компонентам
{container_name=~".*gitlab.*"} | json | component="gitaly.UnaryServerInterceptor"
 
# Ошибки
{container_name=~".*gitlab.*"} | json | level="error"
 
# Запросы с определенным correlation_id
{container_name=~".*gitlab.*"} | json | correlation_id="01KAJ30DCE4BW6JSAT7KHGZ9PX"
 
# Логи Sidekiq
{container_name=~".*gitlab.*"} | json | severity="INFO"
 
# Все логи GitLab с parsed_data
{container_name=~".*gitlab.*"} | json
 
# Логи с ошибками
{environment="production"} | json | level="error" 
 
# Медленные PostgreSQL запросы
{service_name=~".*postgres.*"} | json | duration > 1000
 
# Nginx 5xx ошибки
{container_name=~".*nginx.*"} | json | status >= 500
 
# Sidekiq логи
{container_name=~".*sidekiq.*"} | json | severity="INFO"