Debian / Ubuntu VS CentOS / Feodora
Adding, Removing and Upgrading Packages
Задача | Red Hat / Fedora | Debian / Ubuntu |
Refresh list of available packages | Yum refreshes each time it's used | apt-get update |
Install a package from a repository | yum install package_name | apt-get install package_name |
Install a package file | yum install package.rpm, rpm -i package.rpm | dpkg –install package.deb |
Remove a package | n/a | apt-get remove package_name |
Remove a package with configuration files | rpm -e package_name | apt-get purge package_name |
Check for package upgrades | yum check-update | apt-get -s upgrade, apt-get -s dist-upgrade |
Upgrade packages | yum update, rpm -Uvh [args] | apt-get upgrade |
Upgrade the entire system | yum upgrade | apt-get dist-upgrade |
Информация о пакетах
Задача | Red Hat / Fedora | Debian / Ubuntu |
Get information about an available package | yum search package_name | apt-cache search package_name |
Show available packages | yum list available | apt-cache dumpavail |
List all installed packages | yum list installed | rpm -qa, dpkg –list |
Get information about a package | yum info package_name | apt-cache show package_name |
Get information about an installed package | rpm -qi package_name | dpkg –status package_name |
List files in an installed package | rpm -ql package_name | dpkg –listfiles package_name |
List documentation files in an installed package | rpm -qd package_name | - |
List configuration files in an installed package | rpm -qc package_name | dpkg-query –show -f '${Conffiles}\n'package_name |
Show the packages a given package depends on | rpm -qR package_name | apt-cache depends |
Show other packages that depend on a given package (reverse dependency) | rpm -q –whatrequires [args] | apt-cache rdepends |
Информация о файлах пакета
Get information about a package file | rpm -qpi package.rpm | dpkg –info package.deb |
List files in a package file | rpm -qpl package.rpm | dpkg –contents package.deb |
List documentation files in a package file | rpm -qpd package.rpm | - |
List configuration files in a package file | rpm -qpc package.rpm | - |
Extract files in a package | rpm2cpio package.rpm | cpio -vid \n dpkg-deb –extract package.deb dir-to-extract-to |
Find package that installed a file | rpm -qf filename | dpkg –search filename |
Find package that provides a particular file | yum provides filename | apt-file search filename |
Инструменты
Show stats about the package cache | - | apt-cache stats |
Verify all installed packages | rpm -Va | debsums |
Remove packages from the local cache directory | yum clean packages | apt-get clean |
Remove only obsolete packages from the local cache directory | - | apt-get autoclean |
Remove header files from the local cache directory (forcing a new download of same on next use) | yum clean headers | apt-file purge |
Package file extension | *.rpm | *.deb |
Repository location configuration | /etc/yum.conf | /etc/apt/sources.list |
Starting/stopping services immediately | service httpd start | invoke-rc.d apache start | service apache start |
Enabling a service at boot | chkconfig httpd on | update-rc.d apache defaults | sysv-rc-conf apache on |
Disabling a service at boot | chkconfig httpd off | update-rc.d apache purge | sysv-rc-conf apache off |